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KMID : 1011320090020010003
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Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management
2009 Volume.2 No. 1 p.3 ~ p.13
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Is It Possible to Predict and Prevent Adverse Drug Reactions?
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Chang Yoon-Seok
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Abstract
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Can it be possible to predict and prevent adverse drug reactions? Adverse drug reactions can be classified into type A and B. Type A reactions such as drug toxicity, side effect, drug interaction, and indirect effect can be predicted. However, type B reactions such as intolerance, idiosyncrasy, hypersensitivity, and pseudoallergic reactions cannot be predicted. Classifications and clinical manifestations of drug allergy are described here. To prevent adverse drug reactions, knowledge of clinician is important for type A reactions. For type B reactions, it is important to detect early and to avoid repeated exposure. So the education is very important for the patients and alert card which contains the list of drugs that should not be taken must be provided by the doctor. Some prophylactic measures are developed to prevent adverse reaction using antihistamine and corticosteroids before using the offending drugs, for example, radiocontrast media, chemotherapeutic agents, and so on. Desensitization may make it possible to use the offending drug even it had caused severe adverse reactions such as anaphylaxis. Desensitization procedures are developed for aspirin, antibiotics and some chemotherapeutic agents. Such procedures must be performed by allergy specialists. With the progress of information technology, many hospitals are adopting the electronic medical record system. Clinical decision supporting system such as alert system or expert system in electronic medical recording system would be helpful for the prediction and prevention of adverse drug reaction. Pharmacogenomics may provide very important information of individuals who will have adverse drug reactions.
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KEYWORD
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Adverse drug reaction, Drug allergy
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